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Working time & work organization Wages & incomes Work & family Working conditions Workplace violence & harassment Cross-cutting research

Wages, working time, work organization, maternity protection and arrangements to adapt working life to the demands of life outside work are core elements of the employment relationship and of workers' protection. They are major dimensions of human resources management at the enterprise level, collective bargaining and social dialogue as well as socio-economic policies of governments. TRAVAIL develops comparative analysis and provides technical assistance to ILO constituents in these areas.



Latest reports and activities


Video on Maternity Protection in Tanzania

Over 80 per cent of women in Tanzania work. They also play an important role fundamental to Tanzania's future: they give birth. Reconciling these different roles is not always easy and women are often faced with an impossible choice between ensuring their families' economic well-being and raising healthy children.

Maternity at work: A review of national legislation. Second Edition

Findings from the ILO Database of Conditions of Work and Employment Laws

Protecting the maternity of women workers is essential to women's rights and abilities to successfully combine their reproductive and productive roles, free from discrimination in employment on the basis of their actual or potential role as mothers. Maternity protection for women workers contributes to the health and well-being of mothers and their babies, and thus to the achievement of Millennium Development Goals 4 and 5, which seek the reduction of child mortality and improvement of the health of mothers. More >

Workplace Solutions for Childcare

Workplace partnerships are effective for working parents considering childcare solutions. The focus of this book is on why workplace partners around the world have become involved in childcare and about the nature of programmes that have been implemented. Partnership is a key theme, and the authors highlight the fruitfulness of collaborations that combine the resources and capabilities of different actors. Ten countries, industrialized and developing, are examined through a national overview on policies and facilities for childcare and the implications for working parents, followed by case studies of specific workplaces.

Work improvement in small enterpries (WISE+)

WISE+ training package

Work Improvement in Small Enterprises (WISE) is an innovative approach to improving working conditions and productivity in small and medium-sized enterprises around the world. WISE training modules and guides have existed since 1988, providing guidance on nine technical areas of working conditions. This newly published WISE+ training package extends the number of technical areas covered, with 6 newly developed training modules and guides (WISE-R), on productivity, managing and motivating, working time, wages, family-friendly measures and creating a respectful workplace. WISE+ thus provides trainees and trainers with guidance on 15 technical areas, all related to improving working conditions and productivity. More >

National Profile of Working Conditions in Mozambique

Confronting Crises: Policy Responses to Improving Job Quality

A high-level tripartite conference on the above theme will take place on 7-8 December 2009, in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Organized by the ILO Conditions of Work and Employment Programme, this conference will bring together national and regional researchers and tripartite representatives from across Africa. The objective of the Conference is to share and examine the efforts being made across the region to improve working conditions, and to identify effective policy and practical approaches for the future. More >

Global Wage Report Update Global Wage Report Update

Global growth in real wages slowed dramatically in 2008 as a result of the economic crisis and is expected to drop even further in 2009 despite signs of a possible economic recovery, according to the ILO's 2009 Update of the Global Wage Report. The report also notes that in 2008 half of the 86 countries for which data is available– including major economies such as the U.S., Russia, Japan and Brazil - have increased minimum wages by more than inflation figures.

Decent work for domestic workers

Decent work for domestic workers, report IV (1), ILC 99th Session 2010

In March 2008, the ILO Governing Body decided to place an item on decent work for domestic workers on the agenda of the 99th Session of the International Labour Conference (ILC) of 2010 with a view to the setting of labour standards. This report is intended to facilitate the discussion at the ILC and help the member States in replying to the questionnaire appended to it. The report provides information from across the world on the law and practice concerning domestic workers. It identifies and examines innovative regulations and schemes emerging in a number of countries that are aimed at improving the working conditions and status of this category of workers.

Global Wage Report

Global Wage Report

What have been the major trends in the level and the distribution of wages around the world since 1995? How have economic growth and globalization affected these wage trends? And what have been the roles of minimum wages and collective bargaining? These are some of the main questions addressed in this first ILO Global Wage Report.

Updated by CP. Approved by MT. Last update: 03 November 2009.